seismic wave, vibration generated by an earthquake explosion, or similar energetic source and propagated within the Earth or along its surface. Earthquakes generate four principal types of elastic waves; two, known as bodywaves, travel within the Earth, whereas the other two, called surfacewaves, travel along its surface. seismographs record the amplitude and frequency of seismic waves and yield information about the Earth and its subsurface structure. Artificially generated seismic waves recorded during seismicsurveys are used to collect data in oil and gas prospecting and engineering.
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